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下面环球教育小编就深入剖析雅思法律类大作文来给考生们详细说明
A类的雅思大作文大致可以分为教育类,社会类,科技类,政府类,媒体类,法律类等等,而里面学生们反映最为广泛的,感觉最无从下手的题目当属法律类题目。尽管说出题频率相对而言并非相当的频繁,但若学生当备考里未实施合理有效的对此类话题具有针对性的总结和复习的话,也许是难以当写作时能够得到任何理想的分数。在这篇文章里,是会通过法律和犯罪所涉及的一些常见话题给大家从其内容,语言逐一进行分析,希望考生们能够从中受益。
一. Can capital punishment (death penalty) ever be justified?
是否应该有死刑?
这个题目可以说是一谈到法律犯罪这一大类话题时,最会经常谈到的问题。对于大多数中国雅思考生,尤其是高中生,大学生,如果没有事先经过精心准备的话,对这个题目恐怕只能是傻眼了。关于这个话题,大致可以分成以下这几个分论点来展开:
Arguments against capital punishment
1. 死刑只是对罪犯的一种处罚,而并不能够将犯罪行为中受害者生命挽回,或者赔偿其所遭受的伤害。
Capital punishment, which even though manages to bring the criminals to justice, could by no means compensate for physical, mental and psychological sufferings inflicted on victims, or in some extreme cases, bring back their lives.
2. 无论一个人犯多大的错误,其他人都无权剥夺其生命。 (人权)
It is entirely unjustified to deprive one of his/her rights to live regardless of how insanely severe and cruel the offenses he/she has committed are. (This subject matter has boiled to the controversial issue of human rights)
3. 死刑犯的尸体的处理(是否可以用于器官移植等等)将是一个非常具有争议的道德问题。
How the body of the deceased criminal is going to be disposed of (used for organ transplant, for instance) will be bound to raise grave both ethical and social implications.
Arguments for capital punishment
1. 如果死刑犯没有受到最为严厉的惩罚,那么这对受害者是不公平的。
It would be only fair for the victims if the criminals are subject to the greatest fear of all- death.
2. 如果死刑取消的话,那么很多潜在的罪犯就不会顾忌做出一些极为可怕的犯罪行为。
If capital punishment is ever to be done away with, the potential wrong-doers wouldn’t be deterred from committing staggeringly serious offenses among which serial murder proves particularly appalling.
二. Should criminals be sent to prisons or placed on education and job retraining?
对于这个题目,很多学生会非常容易的陷入一个陷阱,那就是认为说如果让学生接受教育或就业培训的话,那就是等同于有充分的人身自由了。其实不然,这里的教育或就业培训并不代表说把囚犯与普通的学生或接受培训者一样等同的对待,而是一样的要限制他们的自由,只不过说不像在监狱里整天关在牢房里无所事事,而是要接受教育和培训。关于这个题目,其实就变成了一个两者之间的对比,可以从以下几个方面进行论述。
1. 监狱同教育或就业培训相比有很强的阻吓作用,这样可以有效的抑制犯罪率的上升。
In stark contrast to placing criminals on educational courses or employment retraining, prisons appeared more effective in deterring potential, would-be wrong doers from committing crimes, thus drastically decreasing the likelihood of rising crime rate.
2. 监狱更多的对罪犯来说是一种惩罚,因此能够避免再犯。
Being locked up behind the bars is a punitive measure imposed on criminals who are highly unlikely to turn into a recidivist in consideration of their fear of setting foot into jails ever again.
Arguments for education and job retraining
1. 罪犯在监狱里所被包围的是一群囚犯,这对罪犯的改造不是好的,反而是不好的影响。接受教育可以让罪犯在一个积极的环境里,真正的意识到对与错。
“Captivity of negativity” is a terminology intended to describe the destructive, rather than constructive impact on criminals who are locked up in prison, surrounded by people who probably have committed even more serious charges. Education serves to correct any misconception or eliminate twisted thoughts they have by immersing them in a positive environment.
2. 大多数罪犯往往是没有什么文化知识和生存技能,出狱后通常很难找到工作。教育和就业培训能够让他们在日后的生活中靠自己生存下去,而不至于因为没有收入来源而再次误入歧途。
A significant proportion of criminals are sadly illiterate without adequate fundamental knowledge and survival skills and it wouldn’t be easy for them to find a decent job after being released from the jail. With convenient access to education and job retraining, they are able to survive by themselves, greatly reducing the chance of becoming a recidivist in times when they are financially challenged.
三. Should individual choices interfere with the society that is based on rules and laws?
道题目主要讨论的核心是一种矛盾。那就是社会始终是以法规和法律为基础的,而有时社会的利益往往是与个人的选择相矛盾的。当这种矛盾发生时,应该将哪一个放在首位?为什么?很多考生认为这个题目其实并不难,但就是不知道如何下手。其实,这个题目最为关键的是两点:如何去法律的范围还有就是要找到一个合适法律与个人选择发生冲突的这么一个结合点。
对这个题目的段落结构以及内容的理解如下:
1. 这种矛盾的产生主要是因为法律法规是从大众和国家的利益出发,而个人利益则绝大多数情况下是站在个人角度考虑问题的。一个有利于个人的问题如果给其他人造成了无谓的伤害,则是不应该允许的。
The conflict of public interest and personal interest accounts largely for the issue of the extent to which is the interference of personal choices justified with the society governed by rules and laws.
这里我们可以举一个例子,就知识产权(Intellectual Property Rights).很多人都会去网络上下载免费电影,音乐以及电子书。这样做的原因就是正版(authentic copy)相对中国消费者来说太贵。虽然说这看起来合情合理,大多数人都会从中受益,但是这也同时伤害到了娱乐明星们和唱片公司的利益,所以这时候应该以法律为根本,杜绝这种行为。
2. 反过来说,我们不可否认个别特别情况下法律也应该给正当的个人选择让步。
On the other hand, rules and laws should give in to personal choices in some special cases.
比如说,开车送心脏病突然发作的人赶往医院。尽管说途中司机可能会闯红灯(run red lights,会造成一定的交通混乱,甚至说还有发生交通事故的可能。但是这样一种行为应该被理解(tolerated). 这是出于法律之外的,但是又合乎情理的。当然,这种法律的让步是有限的,很多时候确实很难判断。所以,无论是法律还是个人选择,最终都是从应该是整体的利益出发.